Pelvic pain can show up in many ways. Some conditions have no early symptoms, while others cause noticeable changes in bladder, bowel, or sexual function. Below are the most common signs to watch for.

There are many possible causes of pelvic pain. The organs, nerves, muscles, and other tissues in your pelvic region can all be sources of discomfort when irritated, injured, or affected by infection.

• ✔
  Pregnancy and vaginal delivery Carrying a baby and giving birth can stress and strain delicate pelvic floor tissue, sometimes causing tears, strains, or lasting damage.
• ✔
  Pelvic surgery Even successful surgery can result in scar tissue that restricts movement and function over time.
• ✔
  Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) STIs such as gonorrhea and chlamydia can spread to multiple pelvic organs if left untreated.

Certain factors can increase your likelihood of experiencing pelvic pain. Understanding these can help you take steps to reduce your risk or catch problems early.

1. 1
   Age The risk of certain pelvic conditions increases over time. Urinary frequency and pelvic discomfort, for example, are common during menopause.
2. 2
   Physical demands Jobs or hobbies that require heavy lifting or repetitive strain can put excess pressure on the pelvis over time.
3. 3
   Obesity Carrying extra weight increases abdominal pressure, which can shift pelvic organs out of position.
4. 4
   Chronic coughing Frequent or prolonged coughing strains the pelvic floor muscles repeatedly, weakening them over time.
5. 5
   Chronic constipation Straining during bowel movements puts repeated downward pressure on pelvic organs and muscles.
6. 6
   Prior pelvic surgery or trauma Scar tissue or injury can cause ongoing irritation and pain long after initial healing.

Finding the cause of pelvic pain starts with an open conversation. There is no reason to feel embarrassed. Our providers are easy to talk to, respectful, and committed to your privacy.

• ✔
  Medical history and symptom review Your provider will ask about your symptoms, how long you've had them, and how they affect your daily life.
• ✔
  Physical exam A pelvic exam helps identify tenderness, organ position, or other physical findings that point to a cause.
• ✔
  Lab tests Blood and urine tests, STI cultures, and pregnancy tests are often the starting point for diagnosis.
• ✔
  Imaging Ultrasound can visualize pelvic organs and detect cysts, fibroids, or other abnormalities.
• ✔
  Specialized testing (if needed) If basic tests do not explain the pain, your provider may recommend additional imaging or minimally invasive procedures.

Treatment for pelvic pain is personalized to you. Our team carefully considers all options before making a recommendation, and observation alone may be appropriate for mild conditions that are likely to improve on their own.

• ✔
  Medications Options may include anticholinergics for bladder issues, antibiotics, oral contraceptives, Botox injections, or stool softeners, depending on the underlying cause.
• ✔
  Vaginal pessary A soft, removable device placed inside the vagina that supports pelvic organs in place and may reduce urinary leakage.
• ✔
  Pain management Specialists offer nerve blocks, acupuncture, and cognitive behavioral therapy for complex or chronic pain that does not respond to medication.
• ✔
  Pelvic floor physical therapy  Available In-House Specialized physical therapists use stretching, strengthening, and relaxation techniques to treat pelvic floor dysfunction. We are proud to offer this service in-house.
• ✔
  Minimally invasive surgery Procedures such as sacrocolpopexy (for pelvic organ prolapse), spinal cord stimulator implants (for pain), and hysterectomy are available when needed.

You cannot always prevent pelvic pain, but small daily habits can reduce your risk and keep symptoms from getting worse. The steps below are simple, sustainable, and worth making part of your routine.

• ☐Avoid prolonged sitting or standing in one position — shift and stretch regularly throughout the day.
• ☐Stay physically active to keep joints and muscles strong and flexible.
• ☐Warm up before exercising to reduce the risk of muscle or ligament strain.
• ☐Eat a high-fiber diet to support healthy digestion and avoid straining during bowel movements.
• ☐Maintain a healthy weight to reduce downward pressure on pelvic organs.
• ☐Limit processed, calorie-dense foods that can contribute to constipation.
• ☐Practice safe sex to reduce the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease and STIs.
• ☐Schedule routine checkups so your provider can catch issues early, before symptoms worsen.